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Human rights-based A human rights-based approach accepts that everyone has
approach protected rights regardless of social, economic, cultural and
other aspects. Human rights are indivisible. This means they
apply to everyone in their totality. So, the right to be free of
forced labour goes hand in hand with other rights, for
example the right to non-discrimination, to freedom of
speech and freedom from torture or other degrading
treatments. Those vulnerable to forced labour are also very
often vulnerable to other human rights infringements and
therefore, those developing and implementing NAPFL must
recognise that victims and those at risk, may need to be
supported to realise multiple rights in a concerted manner.

Human trafficking Also known as trafficking in persons, this is defined by the
UN Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in
Persons (Palermo Protocol) as the recruitment,
transportation, transfer, harbouring or receipt of persons, by
means of the threat or use of force or other forms of
coercion, of abduction, of fraud, of deception, of the abuse of
power or of a position of vulnerability or of the giving or
receiving of payments or benefits to achieve the consent of a
person having control over another person, for the purpose
of exploitation. Exploitation shall include, at a minimum, the
exploitation of the prostitution of others or other forms of
sexual exploitation, forced labour or services, slavery or
practices similar to slavery, servitude or the removal of
organs.
National referral A cooperative framework through which state actors fulfil
mechanism their obligations to protect and promote the human rights of
victims of human forced labour and trafficking. 1

National Action Plan on Forced Labour (2021-2025) 1 OSCE/ODIHR, 2004. National Referral Mechanisms: Joining Efforts to Protect the Rights of